High-Cardinality Geometrical Constellation Shaping for the Nonlinear Fibre Channel

This paper presents design methods for highly efficient optimisation of geometrically shaped constellations to maximise data throughput in optical communications. It describes analytically calculate the information-theoretical loss and gradient this as a function input constellation shape. The gradients mutual information (MI) generalised (GMI) are critical geometrically-shaped constellations. derived achievable rate metrics with respect presented. proposed method allows improved higher cardinality higher-dimensional optimising both linear nonlinear fibre transmission throughput. Near-capacity achieving up 8192 points 2 4 dimensions In best case, GMI value within 0.06 b/2Dsymbol additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGN) capacity was achieved. Additionally, algorithm reducing computation time from days minutes is introduced, allowing optimised AWGN channels over wide range signal-to-noise ratio values.